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免费听课》 The Managerial Process of Planning , Decision Making and Control
Information for management is likely to be used for planning, control and decision making objectives:
An objective is the aim or goal of an organization. A strategy is a possible course of action that might enable an organization or an individual to achieve its objective.
Planning:
· Planning involved the following two factors:
Establishing the objectives
Selecting appropriate strategy to achieve those objectives
· The link between structure and strategy ( understanding)
1)。 Structure follows strategy: organizations develop strategies in order to cope with the changes in structure of an organization
2) Strategy follows structure: the strategy of an organization is determined or influenced by the structure of the organization.
· Planning can be either short-term (tactical planning) or long-term (strategic-planning)
Planning hierarchy
At a strategic level, senior managers formulate long-term objectives and plans, and seek proper strategy to achieve these long-term goals.
At a tactical level, senior managers make short-term plans for the efficient and effective use of an organization’s resources.
e.g. annual plans or budgets
At an operational level, managers take day-to-day decisions about what to do next and who to deal with problems arise.
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