*9章总则
*9条为加强海上国际集装箱运输管理，明确有关各方责任，适应国家对外贸易的需要，制定本规定。
第二条本规定适用于在中华人民共和国境内设立的海上国际集装箱运输企业及与海上国际集装箱运输有关的单位和个人。
第三条中华人民共和国交通部主管全国海上国际集装箱运输事业。
第四条海上国际集装箱运输必须贯彻安全、准确、迅速、经济和文明服务的方针，积极发展门到门运输。
第二章海上国际集装箱运输企业的开业审批
第五条海上国际集装箱运输企业是指从事海上国际集装箱运输的航运企业、港口装卸企业及其承运海上国际集装箱的内陆中转站、货运站。
第六条设立经营海上国际集装箱运输的航运企业，应当经省、自治区、直辖市交通主管部门审核，报交通部审批。
第七条设立港口国际集装箱装卸企业应当经省、自治区、直辖市交通主管部门审批，报交通部备案。
本办法发布后新设立承运海上国际集装箱的内陆中转站、货运站，应当经设立该企业的主管部门审核同意后，由省、自治区、直辖市交通主管部门审批，报交通部备案。
对外经济贸易系统新设立的承运海上国际集装箱的内陆中转站、货运站的审批办法，由交通部会同对外经济贸易部另行制定。
第八条设立中外合资经营、中外合作经营的海上国际集装箱运输企业，须经交通部审核同意后，按照有关法律、法规的规定，由对外经济贸易部审批。
第九条设立经营海上国际集装箱运输的企业，应当具备以下条件：
（一）有与其经营范围和服务对象相适应的运输船舶、车辆、设备及其他有关设施；
（二）有相应的组织机构、办公场所、专业管理人员；
（三）有与所经营的集装箱运输业务相适应的注册资本和自有流动资金；
（四）国家法律、法规规定的设立企业的其他条件。
第十条交通主管部门应当根据申请经营海上国际集装箱运输企业的资金来源、设备情况、管理水平、货源情况，审核批准其业务经营范围。
第十一条交通主管部门应当将批准文件发给获准经营海上国际集装箱运输的企业。取得批准文件的单位，凭该文件向工商行政管理部门申请登记注册，经核准发给营业执照后，方可开业。
设立承运海上国际集装箱的内陆中转站、货运站，还应当向海关办理登记手续。
第三章货运管理
第十二条用于海上国际集装箱运输的集装箱，应当符合国际集装箱标准化组织规定的技术标准和有关国际集装箱公约的规定。
集装箱所有人、经营人应当做好集装箱的管理和维修工作，定期进行检验，以保证提供适宜于货物运输的集装箱。
违反本条第二款规定，造成货物损坏或短缺的，由责任人按照有关规定承担赔偿责任。
第十三条承运人及港口装卸企业应当保证运载集装箱的船舶、车辆、装卸机械及工具处于良好的技术状况，确保集装箱的运输及安全。
承运人及港口装卸企业违反本条*9款规定，造成货物损坏或短缺的，应当按照有关规定承担赔偿责任。
第十四条承运人及港口装卸企业应当使用集装箱运输单证。
第十五条承运人可以直接组织承揽集装箱货物，托运人可以直接向承运人或委托货运代理人洽办进出口集装箱货物的托运业务。
第十六条托运人应当如实申报货物的品名、性质、数量、重量、规格。托运的集装箱货物，必须符合集装箱运输的要求，其标志应当明显、清楚。
第十七条托运人或承运人在货物装箱前应当认真检查箱体，不得使用影响货物运输、装卸安全的集装箱。
第十八条装运粮油食品、冷冻品等易腐食品的集装箱，须经商检机构检验合格后方可使用。
第十九条集装箱货物运达目的地后，承运人应当及时向收货人发出提货通知，收货人应当在收到通知后，凭提单提货。
收货人超过规定期限不提货或不按期限归还集装箱的，应当按照有关规定或合同约定支付货物、集装箱堆存费及支付集装箱超期使用费。
第二十条海上国际集装箱的运费和其他费用，应当根据国家有关运输价格和费率的规定计收；国家没有规定的，按照双方商定的价格计收。任何单位不得乱收费用。
第二十一条承运人及港口装卸企业，应当定期向交通主管部门报送运输统计报表。
第二十二条与海上国际集装箱运输相关的各方应当及时相互提供集装箱运输信息。
第四章交接和责任
第二十三条承运人与托运人或收货人应当根据提单确定的交接方式，在码头堆场、货运站或双方商定的其他地点办理集装箱、集装箱货物交接。
第二十四条参加海上国际集装箱运输的承运人、港口装卸企业应当按照下列规定办理集装箱交接：
（一）海上承运人通过理货机构与港口装卸企业在船边交接；
（二）经水路集疏运的集装箱，港口装卸企业与水路承运人在船边交接；
（三）经公路集疏运的集装箱，港口装卸企业与公路承运人在集装箱码头大门交接；
（四）经铁路集疏运的集装箱，港口装卸企业或公路承运人与铁路承运人在装卸场交接。
第二十五条集装箱交接时，交接双方应当检查箱号、箱体和封志。重箱凭封志和箱体状况交接；空箱凭箱体状况交接。
交接双方检查箱号、箱体和封志后，应当作出记录，并共同签字确认。
第二十六条承运人、港口装卸企业对集装箱、集装箱货物的损坏或短缺的责任，交接前由交方承担，交接后由接方承担。但如果在交接后一百八十天内，接方能提出证据证明集装箱的损坏或集装箱货物的损坏或短缺是由交方原因造成，交方应当承担赔偿责任。法律另有规定的除外。
第二十七条除法律另有规定外，承运人与托运人应当根据下列规定，对集装箱货物的损坏或短缺负责：
（一）由承运人负责装箱的货物，从承运人收到货物后至运达目的地交付收货人之前的期间内，箱内货物损坏或短缺，由承运人负责。
（二）由托运人负责装箱的货物，从装箱托运后至交付收货人之前的期间内，如箱体和封志完好，货物损坏或短缺，由托运人负责；如箱体损坏或封志破坏，箱内货物损坏或短缺，由承运人负责。
承运人与托运人或收货人之间要求赔偿的时效，从集装箱货物交付之日起算不超过一百八十天，但法律另有规定的除外。
第二十八条由于托运人对集装箱货物申报不实造成人员伤亡，运输工具、货物自身及其他货物、集装箱损失的，由托运人负责。
第二十九条由于装箱人的过失，造成人员伤亡，运输工具、其他货物、集装箱损失的，由装箱人负责。
第三十条集装箱货物发生损坏或短缺，对外索赔时需要商检部门鉴定出证的，应当依照《中华人民共和国进出口商品检验法》办理。
集装箱、集装箱货物发生短缺，对外索赔时需要理货机构出证的，应当依照有关规定办理。
第五章罚则
第三十一条无运输营业执照从事集装箱运输业务的，由交通主管部门责令其停止营业，由工商行政管理部门给予处罚。
第三十二条违反本规定及国家有关物价法规收取运输费用的，由物价管理部门给予处罚。
第三十三条违反运输单证管理规定的，由交通主管部门视情节轻重给予警告或罚款。
第三十四条扰乱运输秩序或随意扩大业务经营范围的，由交通主管部门责令其整顿，并由工商行政管理部门给予处罚。
第三十五条当事人对处罚决定不服的，可以在收到处罚通知的次日起十五日内，向处罚机关的上一级机关申请复议。接到复议申请的机关应当在三十日内作出复议决定。当事人对复议决定仍不服的，可以在接到复议决定之日起十五日内向人民法院起诉。当事人逾期不申请复议、不起诉，又不履行处罚决定或复议决定的，作出处罚决定的机关可以申请人民法院强制执行。
第六章附则
第三十六条本规定由交通部负责解释。
交通部可以根据本规定制定实施细则。
第三十七条本规定自发布之日起施行。
PROVISIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON THE ADMINISTRATIONOF MARITIME INTERNATIONAL CONTAINER TRANSPORT
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
ThisEnglish document is coming from the"LAWSANDREGULATIONSOF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OFCHINAGOVERNINGFOREIGN-RELATEDMATTERS" (1991.7)
whichiscompiledbytheBrueauofLegislative Affairs of the State
Council ofthePeople's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
PROVISIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON THE ADMINISTRATION
OF MARITIME INTERNATIONAL CONTAINER TRANSPORT
(Promulgated by Decree No. 68 of the State Council of the People's
Republic of China on December 5, 1990, and effective asofthedateof
promulgation)
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
These Provisions are formulated in order to strengthen theadministration
of maritime internationalcontainertransport,toclearlydefinethe
responsibilities of the various parties concerned, and to meet the State's
needs in handling foreign trade.
Article 2
These Provisions shall apply to thoseenterprisesthatareestablished
within the territory of the People's Republic of China for the handling of
maritimeinternationalcontainertransport,andalsotounits and
individuals that are involved in the operations of maritimeinternational
container transport.
Article 3
The Ministry of Communications of the People's Republic of China shallbe
responsiblefortheadministrationoftheoperations of maritime
international container transport throughout the country.
Article 4
In conducting maritime international container transport,theprinciples
of safety, accuracy,speed,economy,andcivilizedservicesmustbe
followed and door-to-door transportation shall be actively developed.
Chapter II Procedures for the Examination and Approval of Applica- tions for the Establishment of Enterprises ThatHandleMaritimeInter- national Container Transport
Article 5
"Enterprisesfortheoperationsofmaritimeinternationalcontainer
transport" refers tothoseshippingenterprisesthatareengagedin
maritime international container transport, and also to thoseenterprises
that areengagedinporthandling,withtheirinlandtransshipment
stationsandfreightstationsthatundertakemaritimeinternational
container transport.
Article 6
The applications for the establishment of enterprises that are engagedin
the operations of maritimeinternationalcontainertransportshallbe
submittedtothecompetentdepartmentsforcommunications of the
provinces,autonomousregions,ormunicipalitiesdirectlyunderthe
Central Government for examinationandverification,andthentothe
Ministry of Communications for examination and approval.
Article 7
The applications for the establishment of enterprises that are engagedin
port handling ofinternationalcontainersshallbesubmittedtothe
competent departments forcommunicationsoftheprovinces,autonomous
regions, or municipalitiesdirectlyundertheCentralGovernmentfor
examination and approval, and then to the Ministry ofCommunicationsfor
the record.
After the promulgation oftheseProvisions,theapplicationsforthe
establishment of new inland transshipment stationsandfreightstations
that undertake the transport of maritime international containers shall be
submitted first to the competent department that has established thesaid
enterprise for examination, verification, and consent;andthentothe
competent departments forcommunicationsoftheprovinces,autonomous
regions, or municipalitiesdirectlyundertheCentralGovernmentfor
examination and approval; and finally to theMinistryofCommunications
for the record.The procedures for the examination andapprovalofthe
applications for theestablishmentofnewtransshipmentstationsand
freight stations that undertake the transportofmaritimeinternational
containersshallbe formulated separately by the Ministry of
Communications inconjunctionwiththeMinistryofForeignEconomic
Relations and Trade.
Article 8
The applications for the establishmentofChinese-foreignequityjoint
venturesandChinese-foreigncontractualjointventuresthathandle
maritime international containertransportshallbesubmittedtothe
Ministry of Communications for examination, verification, and consent; and
shall then, in accordance with the provisions of thepertinentlawsand
regulations, be submitted to the Ministry ofForeignEconomicRelations
and Trade for examination and approval.
Article 9
The establishment of enterprises that are engagedintheoperationsof
maritime international containertransportmustsatisfythefollowing
conditions:
(1)tohavetransportvessels,transportmotorvehicles,transport
equipment and other relevant facilities that correspond to their scopeof
business and to the needs of their customers;
(2) to have the necessary organizational structure, siteforsettingup
their business office, and specialized administrative personnel;
(3) to have the registered capital andtheirownworkingcapitalthat
meets the requirements of their business operations;
(4) to meet other conditions as stipulatedbyStatelaws,decreesand
regulations governing the establishment of enterprises.
Article 10
The competent department forcommunicationsshallexamine,verifyand
approve the scope of business operationsoftheenterprisesthathave
applied for the permissiontohandlemaritimeinternationalcontainer
transport in light of their sources of funds, the conditions ofequipment
and facilities,thestandardofadministration,andthesourcesof
cargoes.
Article 11
The competent departmentofcommunicationsshallissuetheapproving
documents to those enterprises, which have obtained the approval to handle
maritime international container transport. The units thathavereceived
the approving documentsshallapplyandgothroughtheregistration
proceduresbypresentingtheaforesaidapprovingdocumentsto the
administrative department for industry and commerce, which shall issue the
businesslicencesafterchecking and approving the enterprises'
application: and only then shall the enterprisesbepermittedtostart
business operations.
Cases concerning the establishment of inlandtransshipmentstationsand
freight stations that undertake the transportofmaritimeinternational
containers shall also be submitted to the Customs forthecompletionof
the registration procedures.
Chapter III Management of Freight Transportation
Article 12
The containers used in maritime internationalcontainertransportshall
conform to the provisions and technicalstandardsoftheinternational
organization for thestandardizationofcontainers,andalsotothe
provisions of the pertinent international containers convention.
The owners and operatorsofcontainersshalldoagoodjobinthe
managementandmaintenanceofcontainers and carry out regular
inspections, in order to guarantee the provision ofcontainersthatare
suitable for the transportation of cargoes.In case thattheprovisions
in the second paragraph of this Article havebeenviolated,and,asa
result, goods are damaged or short in number or quantity, the person(s)
who is (are) held responsibleforthisshallbeartheliabilityfor
compensation in accordance with the pertinent provisions.
Article 13
Shippersandenterprisesthatareengagedinporthandling,shall
guarantee that the vessels, motor vehicles, handling machineryandtools
arekeptinagood technical condition, thereby ensuring the
transportation and safetyofcontainers. Incasethatshippersand
enterprises that are engaged in port handling have violated the provisions
in the first paragraph of thisArticle,and,asaresult,goodsare
damaged or short in number or quantity, they shall bear the liabilityfor
compensation in accordance with the pertinent provisions.
Article 14
Shippers and enterprises that are engaged in port handling shallusethe
container shipping documents.
Article 15
Shippers may directly organize the contracting ofthetransportationof
container goods, and consignors maydirectlyholdbusinesstalkswith
shippers or commission shipping agents for the consignment ofimportand
export container goods.
Article 16
Consignors shall submit an accurate report onthenamesofgoods,and
their property, quantity, weight, and specifications. The goods shipped by
consignment in containers must conform to therequirementsofcontainer
transport, and marks on the goods should be obvious and clear.
Article 17
Consignorsorshippersshall,beforevanning,carryoutacareful
inspection of containers, andcontainersthatmightcauseanadverse
effect on to the transportation and vanning of goods may not be used.
Article 18
Containers which are used for shipping such perishables as grains,edible
oils, and frozen food, shall be inspected by the department forcommodity
inspection and found to be up to the standard beforetheyareusedfor
shipping.
Article 19
As soon as container goods have reachedtheirdestination,theshipper
shall promptly send a cargo delivery noticetotheconsignee;andthe
consignee shall, upon receiving the notice, take delivery of goods onthe
strength of the bill of lading.In case that the consignee fails to clear
the goods when the prescribed time limit is overdue, or that the consignee
fails to return the containers according to the prescribed time limit, the
said consignee shall be required to pay, in accordance with thepertinent
stipulations orwiththeagreementsetforthinthecontract,the
demurrage charge for the extended use of containers.
Article 20
The freight charges for maritimeinternationalcontainertransportand
other expenses shall be calculated and collected inaccordancewiththe
State provisions concerning shipping chargesandchargerates.Inthe
absence of State provisions, the freight charges shall becalculatedand
collected in accordance with the prices agreed upon bybothparties.No
units shall be permitted to collect charges at random.
Article 21
Shippers and enterprises that are engaged in port handling,shallsubmit
periodical statisticalstatementsontransportationtothecompetent
department for communications.
Article 22
Various parties that areinvolvedinmaritimeinternationalcontainer
transport shall,ingoodtime,provideeachotherwithinformation
concerning container transport.
Chapter IV Hand-Over Procedures and Responsibilities
Article 23
Shippers and consignors or consignees shall, in accordance with thehand-
over method stipulatedinthebilloflading,handlethehand-over
operations of containers and container goods at marshalling yards, freight
stations, or other places agreed upon by the two parties concerned.
Article 24
Shippers and enterprises that are engaged inporthandling,whichtake
part in maritime international container transport, shall handle the hand-
over operations in accordance with the following provisions:
(1) maritime shippers shallhandlethehand-overoperationsalongside
vessel through the tally companies and enterprisesthatareengagedin
port handling;
(2) with respect to containerstransportedbywaterwaysthroughnodal
points, theenterprisesthatengagedinporthandlingandwaterway
carriers shall handle the hand-over operations alongside vessel;
(3) with respect tocontainerstransportedbyhighwaysthroughnodal
points, the enterprises that engaged in port handling and highway carriers
shall handle thehand-overoperationsatthegateofthecontainer
terminal;
(4) with respecttocontainerstransportedbyrailwaythroughnodal
points, the enterprises that engaged in port handling or highwaycarriers
and railway carriers shall handle the hand-over operations at the siteof
handling.
Article 25
While handling the hand-over operations of containers,thetwohandling
parties shall check the container numbers, the bodiesofcontainersand
the containers' marking seals.The loaded containers shall be handed over
by their marking seals and by the condition ofcontainerbody:andthe
empty containers shall be handed over by condition of container body.
After checking the container numbers, the bodiesofcontainersandthe
marking seals, the two handling parties shall make a record and confirm it
by appending their signatures to the record.
Article 26
With respect to the liabilitiesofshippersandenterprisesthatare
engaged in port handlingforthedamageandlossofcontainersand
container goods, before the hand-over operations, the liabilities shall be
taken up by the handing-over party; after thehand-overoperations,the
liabilities shall be taken up by the receiving party. However, if,within
180 days immediately after the hand-over operations, thereceivingparty
is able to produce evidence to testify to the fact that the damage ofthe
containers, or the damage and loss of container goods, were caused bythe
handing-overparty,thenthehanding-overpartyshalltakeupthe
liabilities for compensation, unless otherwise provided by law.
Article 27
Unless otherwise providedbylaw,shippersandconsignorsshall,in
accordance with the following provisions, take up the liabilities forthe
damage or loss of container goods:
(1) With respect to those goods, the vanningofwhichisdonebythe
shippers, if the goods in the containersaredamagedorareshortin
number or quantity during the period of time fromthedaytheshippers
receive the goods to the day when the goods reachtheirdestinationbut
before they are handed over to the consignees, the shippers shall takeup
the liabilities for the damage or shortage.
(2) With respect to those goods, the vanningofwhichisdonebythe
consignors, if the container bodies and the markingsealshaveremained
intact but the goods (in the containers) have been damaged or are short in
number or quantity during the period of time from thecompletionofthe
vanning and the completion of the procedures for consignmenttotheday
before the containers are handed over to theconsignees,theconsignors
shall take up the liabilities for the damage or shortage; if the container
bodies are damaged or the marking sealsbroken,andthegoodsinthe
containers are also damaged orareshortinnumberorquantity,the
shippers shall take up the liabilities for the damage or shortage.
The time limits for shippers and consignors or consignees to raiseclaims
for compensation shall be limited to no more than 180 days, beginning from
the day when container goods are handed over, unless otherwise provided by
law.
Article 28
In case that the consignors' inaccurate or false declaration oncontainer
goods has resulted in injuries and death of personnel, or in thelossof
means of transport of the goods proper and thecontainers,orofother
goods, the consignors shall beartheliabilitiesfortheconsequences
arising therefrom.
Article 29
In case that the fault of the person in charge of the vanning has resulted
in injuries and death of personnel, or in the loss of means oftransport,
of other goods,orcontainers,theaforesaidpersonshallbearthe
liabilities for the consequences arising therefrom.
Article 30
In case that the damage or shortage in numberorquantityofcontainer
goods involves aclaimforcompensationfromaforeignunit,which
necessitates an appraisal and the issue of the relevant certificate by the
administrative department for commodityinspection,thecaseshallbe
handled in accordance with the provisionsintheLawofthePeople's
Republic of China on the Inspection of Import and ExportCommodities.In
case that the shortage in number or quantity ofcontainersorcontainer
goods involves aclaimforcompensationfromaforeignunit,which
necessitatestheissueoftherelevantcertificateby the tally
department, the case shall be handled inaccordancewiththepertinent
provisions.
Chapter V Provisions on Penalties
Article 31
With respect to those who areengagedincontainertransportbusiness
without a business licence for handling transport business, thecompetent
departmentforcommunicationsshallorderthemto cease business
operations, and penalties shall be imposed on them bytheadministrative
department for industry and commerce.
Article 32
With respect to those who have received shipping charges inviolationof
these Provisions and the relevant laws and regulationsoftheStateon
commodity prices, they shallbepenalizedbythedepartmentforthe
control of commodity prices.
Article 33
With respect to those who have violated theadministrationoftransport
documents, they shall be given an administrative warningorapecuniary
penalty by the competent department for communicationsinlightofthe
seriousness of the cases.
Article 34
Withrespecttothosewhohavedisturbed the normal order of
transportationorhaveexpandedtheirscope of business without
authorization, they shall beorderedbythecompetentdepartmentfor
communications to carry out rectification of their business, and shallbe
penalized by the administrative department for industry and commerce.
Article 35
In the event that the person concerned does notacceptthedecisionon
penalties, he/she may, within 15 daysasofthefirstdayafterthe
receipt of thenoticeofthedecisiononpenalties,appealtothe
competentdepartmentimmediatelyabovethepunishingdepartmentfor
reconsideration of the aforesaiddecisiononpenalties.Thecompetent
department that has received the appeal for reconsideration shall,within
30days(after receiving the appeal), make the decision on
reconsideration. Ifthepersonconcernedstilldoesnotacceptthe
decision of the reconsideration, he/she may, within15daysimmediately
after receiving the decision on reconsideration, bringasuitbeforea
people's court. If the person concerned neither appeal for
reconsideration, nor bring a suit before the people's court,norexecute
the decision on penalties or the decision ofthereconsiderationwithin
the prescribed period of time, the department that has madethedecision
on penalties may apply to the people's court for enforcement.
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Article 36
The right tointerprettheseProvisionsresidesintheMinistryof
Communications. The Ministry of Communications may formulate the rules for
implementation in accordance with these Provisions.
Article 37
These Provisions shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.