以下是高顿网校为大家整理的：F4公司法与商法第二十一章，希望对考生们有所帮助。
 
　　21 Minorities
 
　　1 Case law
　　Foss v. Harbottle: the internal management rule
　　1.1 (a) 'The proper plaintiff for wrongs done to a company is the company itself acting through its majority shareholders'.
　　(b) Thus decisions made or ratified by the majority cannot be disputed by the minority.
　　Exceptions
　　1.2 There are a number of apparent exceptions where an individual member may bring an action on behalf of the company (a 'derivative' action).
　　(a) a minority shareholder, can obtain an injunction to prevent a proposed act by the directors which would be ultra vires the company. This will not apply where the contract has already been agreed or ratified by a SR; Parke v Daily News.
　　(b) a minority shareholder can obtain an injunction to prevent the directors from allowing the company to commit a criminal offence;
　　(c) the court will grant a remedy if the directors in breach of their duties to the company have committed a 'fraud on the minority' e.g. where directors have used their powers dishonestly to benefit themselves at the expense of the company: Cook v Deeks.
　　Dishonest intention is not necessary gross negligence will be enough: Daniels v Daniels, but note Pavlides v Jensen.
　　1.3 Where the wrong is to a member personally shareholders have the right to sue to uphold their rights: Pender v Lushington.
 
　　高顿网校小编寄语：人都是在跌倒与爬起之间学会坚强，都是在风雨与阳光之间走过成长的路。

 　　ACCA官方微信　　　　
　　扫一扫微信，*9时间获取2014年ACCA考试报名时间和考试时间提醒
　　
　　高顿网校特别提醒：已经报名2014年ACCA考试的考生可按照复习计划有效进行！另外，高顿网校2014年ACCA考试辅导高清课程已经开通，通过针对性地讲解、训练、答疑、模考，对学习过程进行全程跟踪、分析、指导，可以帮助考生全面提升备考效果。
　　
　　报考指南：2014年ACCA考试备考指南
　　免费题库：2014年ACCA考试免费题库
　　考前冲刺：ACCA备考秘籍
　　高清网课：ACCA考试网络课程