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【单选】
While working on her report, Jean Paul, CFA, learns from her friend in the investment banking department that the company she is analyzing can expect a tender offer very soon. Concerning this conclusion, Paul can:
A. not trade on it because it is material nonpublic information.
B. trade on it, because it is public information.
C. trade on it, because she figured it out by herself.
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【单选】
Calvin Moore, CFA, has been transferred from the brokerage house of the Browning Company to the portfolio management department. In portfolio management, Moore learns that clients are grouped into three divisions according to portfolio value, divided as follows:
Group 1 up to $10,000
Group 2 from $10,001 to $100,000
Group 3 more than $100,000
When recommendations are announced or trades are initiated, a particular sequence is followed in communicating to these groups. At the next monthly meeting, Moore suggests that the sequencing practice is a breach of CFA Institute Standards. One of Moore’s co-workers replies that the grouping approach helps the company in applying the Standard regarding portfolio recommendations. He further suggests that because Browning’s overall performance is more strongly affected by actions taken on the high value portfolios, that these portfolios should take priority over the small value portfolios. What should Moore do? Moore should:
A. do nothing since there is no breach with the Standards.
B. disassociate himself from the problem and seek legal advice.
C. prepare a written report to the CEO describing the problem.
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【单选】
Adam Core, CFA, is a supervisor at a brokerage firm. Recently he discovered a complicated mechanism that brokers are using to obtain referrals of new clients in exchange for reduced commissions and other benefits to existing clients. The new clients are not aware of this practice. Core consults with compliance counsel and initiates an investigation. Which of the following actions violates CFA Institute Standards?
A. Core makes sure that everybody in the company has a copy of the CFA Institute Code and Standards and a copy of the internal compliance system. He starts organizing special seminars on compliance with CFA Institute requirements.
B. Core starts collecting information and records on the case, as well as interviewing all involved employees. He decides against immediate limitations on their work, to insure the work of the company will continue undisturbed.
C. Core's first goal is to identify all violators.
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【单选】
Marc Feldman, CFA, is manager of corporate investor relations for a high-tech startup, zippy.com, in Boise, Idaho. Feldman is well-known in the high tech community in Boise, and Dragon.com has asked if he will help them organize their investor relations function on a consulting basis. They offer him an all-expenses-paid two-week holiday for two on Australia's Gold Coast in payment. Regarding this offer as a CFA Institute member Feldman is:
A. allowed to accept the offer only with written approval from zippy.
B. allowed to accept the offer only with written approval from zippy and from Dragon.
C. not allowed to accept such an offer since it effectively places him in competition with his employer.
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【单选】
Futura Investments Co. decides to diversify its current portfolio with stocks from three companies in a new segment of the biotechnology industry. William Burgin, CFA, is an analyst at Futura and had previously bought shares of the same three companies for his own portfolio, well before his employer started researching them. Burgin has already disclosed the composition of his personal portfolio to Futura Investments, to be in compliance with the Code & the Standards. Which of the following actions should Burgin take?
A. Hire a full discretionary power or blind trust manager for his portfolio.
B. Diversify his personal portfolio so, in this way, these stocks will no longer represent a substantial portion of the portfolio.
C. Open an account that will be managed by someone else but will allow him to maintain his investment preferences.
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【单选】
While copying some of her research materials at work, Mary Jones comes across a few incomplete research notes written by one of her colleagues. As a result of reading the notes, and without further review, Jones immediately changes one of her stock recommendations from sell to buy. Which of the following CFA Institute Standards has Jones violated?
A. Standard III(A), Loyalty, Prudence, and Care.
B. Standard V(A), Diligence and Reasonable Basis.
C. Standard I(B), Independence and Objectivity.
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【单选】
Kenny Barrett, CFA, is working in the Australian office of American Investments Co. From an informal conversation, Barrett learns that the company’s most recent investment report was based on misappropriated information. No one at the Australian office expresses concern, however, because there has been no breach of Australian law. Barrett should:
A. seek advice from company counsel to determine appropriate action.
B. do nothing because the branch is outside of U.S. jurisdiction.
C. disassociate himself from the case with a written report to his supervisor.
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【单选】
Kimberly Olson has recently become a CFA charterholder, and has just started a new job at Securities Online as a junior analyst. After preparing her first research report, Olson decides to consult with one of the senior analysts who make minor corrections to improve the content of the report. Olson makes changes to the report according to the senior analyst. Upon presentation of the report, Olson finds that statements made by the senior analyst contained incorrect information. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
A. Olson should have checked the accuracy of the comments.
B. Olson did not need to check the additional comments.
C. If Olson attributes those comments to the senior analyst, she cannot be held responsible for incorrect information.
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【单选】
Marc Feldman, CFA, is manager of corporate investor relations for a high-tech startup, zippy.com, in Boise, Idaho. Feldman learns that Larry Smith, controller, is altering the accounting records. Knowing the data is incorrect, Feldman releases Smith's financial data to investors. This action:
A. constitutes a violation of the Standard concerning duty to employer.
B. constitutes a violation of Standard III(D) concerning performance presentation.
C. constitutes a violation of his fundamental responsibilities under the Code and Standards.
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【单选】
Mary Hiller, CFA, is a senior analyst at a mutual fund. She is also a member of the Board of the Directors of her daughter’s Skating Club. She is often asked for advice about the management of the club budget and about possible short-term investments, but she is not paid for this advice. She does not undertake any research to answer these questions, providing information based only on the general practices of the mutual fund at that moment. The only benefit she receives is a free monthly membership for her daughter that would usually cost $182. What should she do before making any recommendations, in order to comply with the CFA Institute requirements?
A. Obtain prior permission from her employer.
B. Inform her current clients about her outside consulting.
C. Consult only on her free time and do not accept any benefit greater than $100.
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【单选】
In order to comply with the CFA Institute Standards, an analyst should:
A. use outside research only after verifying its accuracy.
B. use only his own research in making investment recommendations, because anything else would violate Standard I(B), Independence and Objectivity.
C. use only his company's research when making investment recommendations and use outside research for reports and analysis on stocks.
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【单选】
Perley & Sons is an investment advisor company that just signed a contract with full discretionary power for the management of assets for Bright Future, a charitable fund. Without consultation, portfolio manager Martin Brown, CFA, decides to trade the funds’ assets through a brokerage firm that provides, as an additional benefit, research reports for companies in the microchip industry. These companies represent the main investment interest for most of the Perley & Sons clients. The Bright Future portfolio does not hold any equities in the microchip industry, and, because of its risk profile, is unlikely to ever do so. Which of the following activities represents a possible breach with the CFA Institute standards?
A. Accepting research reports from the brokerage firm that do not benefit client portfolios.
B. Exercising a selection principle that does not comply with the idea of best trade price and execution.
C. Lack of action in consulting with the client before choosing the brokerage firm.
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【单选】
Marc Feldman, CFA, is manager of corporate investor relations for a high-tech startup, zippy.com, in Boise, Idaho. Feldman learns that Larry Smith, controller, is altering the accounting records. Feldman advises some of his personal friends to sell short zippy.com. This action:
A. constitutes a violation of the Standard concerning prohibition against misrepresentation.
B. constitutes professional misconduct but not the use of nonpublic information and is a violation of the Code and Standards.
C. constitutes the use of material nonpublic information and is a violation of the Code and Standards.
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【单选】
Amanda Brad, CFA, is a security analyst at UpTrend, Inc. During a routine visit to a beauty salon, she learns that a major cosmetic company, Lorean, is expected to present a revolutionary formula for facial cream. Brad buys Lorean stock for her portfolio and prepares a special report on the company. Brad also makes a call to Hillary Lang, another security analyst at UpTrend, to inform her about the news. Lang starts trading on her clients’ portfolios. Brad’s report states that given the on-going research activity at Lorean within the last months, investors can expect some successful new products and a sharp increase in the price of the stock. Lang’s actions:
A. violate the Standard of Objectivity and Independence.
B. violate the Standards because she trades on inside information.
C. violate the Standard of Fair Dealing.
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【单选】
Milton Baker, CFA, prepares a research report on the dynamics of a stock price. In his study, he uses a considerable number of information sources, both outside sources and his company’s own research papers, prepared for both internal and public use. The report will first be distributed at the monthly department meeting and then later will be published on the company’s Internet site. He thinks that he may have neglected to mention some of his sources in his reference list but decides that he needs to be concerned about full disclosure of his sources only for the public version of the report, so he will wait to revise his work until after the monthly meeting but before it is published on the internet site. Which Standards does Baker NOT comply with?
A. Standard I(C), Misrepresentation, I(B), Independence and Objectivity, and I(A), Knowledge of the Law.
B. Standard I(C), Misrepresentation, only.
C. Standard I(C), Misrepresentation, and I(A), Knowledge of the Law.
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【单选】
Which of the following is NOT considered plagiarism under CFA Institute Standards?
A. Using factual information from a recognized financial information agency without acknowledging the source of the information.
B. Improving an existing report and using it inside the company under a new title without acknowledging the source of the original report.
C. Adjusting an already published model and announcing it as a new model without acknowledging the source of the original model.
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【单选】
Noah Johnson, CFA, is a broker with a money management company, Factor, Inc. In a conversation with Tom Williams, Johnson describes the activities of Factor and discusses the characteristics of portfolio construction. Which of the following statements would NOT, on its face, be considered a misrepresentation?
A. Factor guarantees the portfolio will achieve its goal return.
B. If Williams is not satisfied with the current target return, Johnson can always improve it by increasing his T-bills share.
C. The portfolio securities were carefully selected by Factor to minimize Williams' risk.
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【单选】
Marc Feldman, a CFA Institute member, is treasurer of zippy.com, and is also Larry Goldman's boss. Feldman is informed of "accounting irregularities of an unknown origin" during an audit by zippy's external accounting firm. There are 3 individuals, including Goldman, handling the accounting function. According to the Code and Standards, Feldman should do all of the following EXCEPT:
A. conduct a thorough investigation of activities.
B. terminate the accounting staff immediately and issue a press release describing the situation.
C. leave the staff in their current jobs and increase supervision while the external auditors complete their work.
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【单选】
Mark Vernley, CFA, is the owner of an engineering consulting firm called Energetics, Inc., which consults on asset and project valuations in energy-related industries. The firm currently employs 10 professional engineers. Vernley wants to develop and implement adequate compliance procedures for his firm to avoid potential conflicts of interest. Which of the following statements is least likely to represent an appropriate compliance procedure dealing with conflicts of interest. Employees at Energetics are required to:
A. deal fairly and objectively with all clients and prospects when providing consultation on asset and project valuations.
B. certify annually that they have maintained familiarity with the compliance procedures and agree to abide by them.
C. report, in writing, on a quarterly basis all securities transactions for their personal portfolios and those in which they have a beneficial interest.
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【单选】
Klaus Gerber, CFA, is a regular contributor to the Internet site WizeGuy. This past week Gerber has been incorrectly quoted as recommending that investors buy shares in Bradford, Inc. He is unaware that this message has been placed on the site as the quote was placed as a prank by an unknown source. This is the third time this has happened over the past month and each time the stock being mentioned moved in price according to the buy or sell recommendation.Fritz Fox, CFA, maintains and updates the WizeGuy site and has learned how to determine if the quotes being attributed to Gerber are actually valid. Several days later, he observes an investment recommendation, posted on the site, to buy Gresham, Inc. The investment recommendation is purported to be from Gerber, but Fox actually knows it to be bogus. He immediately sells 1,000 Gresham short and e-mails Gerber to inform him of the bogus recommendation. Gerber immediately issues a rebuttal, and Gresham falls by 14%. Fox's action is:
A. a violation of the Standard concerning fiduciary duties.
B. not in violation of the Code and Standards.
C. a violation of the Standard concerning use of material nonpublic information.
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【单选】
Harold Klein, CFA, is an expert on ethical conduct in the investment banking industry and has been asked by an association of investment bankers to give a presentation on interpreting codes of ethics and standards of practice such as the CFA Institute Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct. In his presentation, Klein makes two key points:
Sound ethical judgment requires careful and thoughtful application of ethical standards which are precise and exacting in nature
An ethical professional must begin the ethical decision making process by determining the applicable code and standards that govern the situation.
Determine whether Klein’s statements are correct or incorrect and state your conclusion.
Statement 1
Statement 2
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【单选】
Which of the following statements concerning the interpretation and application of the CFA Institute Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct is least accurate?
A. The Code of Ethics is a concise set of general principles that can be used to address questions as they arise, but as a practical matter, ethical decision making is needed to apply the Code to complicated situations.
B. Ethical reasoning is mathematically precise and the technical terms found in the Code of Standards and Standards of Professional Conduct are clear-cut and unambiguous.
C. Once the relevant sections of the Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct have been identified, the investment professional must determine if the course of action is consistent with the intent, whether the client would agree the action is the best alternative, and whether the firm’s reputation would be enhanced or compromised.
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【单选】
Tyler Hanson, CFA was recently hired as a portfolio manager at Newton Management Inc. Hanson is concerned about several ethically questionable situations that have presented themselves over the past few weeks, and has approached the firm’s compliance officer for counsel as to the best course of action to take in light of each situation. The compliance officer has offered several suggestions to assist Hanson in evaluating the situations that he detailed in their meeting. Which of the compliance officer’s following suggestions should Hanson NOT use in interpreting the Code and Standards to determine appropriate action?
A. Determine whether a fully informed client would likely view the chosen action favorably and if not, choose a different course of action.
B. Assess whether the chosen action would provide an immediate positive economic benefit to the firm and if not, choose a different course of action.
C. Assess whether the general public would perceive the firm more favorably if the situation were to be objectively reported in the media and if not, choose a different course of action.
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【单选】
Steve Copper has worked as an independent consultant for the past ten years advising companies on various ways to increase their internal efficiency and thereby increase the firm’s stock price as well. Copper recently accepted a job offer from an equity research firm as a senior stock analyst. One of the firms he will be responsible for researching, Johnson Machine Tools (JMT), is also one of his consulting clients. Copper currently has a contract with JMT to provide consulting services for another six months which he plans to honor even though there are no penalties in the contract for early termination on his part. According to CFA Institute Standards of Professional Conduct, which of the following is the most appropriate action for Copper to take? Copper should:
A. terminate the contract with JMT prior to issuing any research on the company.
B. disclose the arrangement only if he plans to renew the contract in six months.
C. disclose the consulting arrangement to clients considering JMT as an investment.
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【单选】
A firm recently hired Viola Sandoval, CFA, to be a managing supervisor in the firm. Sandoval knows that all of her subordinate supervisors are members of CFA Institute and the firm has a compliance system in place with respect to the Code and Standards. Under these conditions Sandoval needs to:
A. rely on the current compliance system since the subordinate supervisors are subject to the Code and Standards.
B. immediately implement a new compliance system.
C. review the compliance system for its adequacy.
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【单选】
Steve Reese, CFA, an equity analyst for Bison Investments, has just completed his extensive research on the long-term prospects of ThetaCorp, a small technology firm that creates medical software for hospitals and other medical clinics. Reese has determined that the economic outlook for ThetaCorp warrants issuing a buy recommendation and has reflected this long-term view in his report which is being reviewed by Bison’s compliance department. The head of Bison’s investment banking department, Mark Hazel, CFA, learned of the report and called Reese to suggest that he increase his recommendation to a strong-buy in an effort to support Bison’s bid to be retained as the lead underwriter for an upcoming bond issue by ThetaCorp. Hazel explained that the level of risk that Reese has assigned to ThetaCorp is too high and that with a slight downward adjustment, a strong-buy recommendation would be justified. Reese agreed to the adjustment and updated his report which he then resubmitted to the compliance department which gave its official approval for distribution. According to CFA Institute Standards of Professional Conduct, which of the following is CORRECT? Reese has:
A. violated the Standards by failing to deal fairly with all of Bison Investments’ clients.
B. not violated the Standards since he has reasonable basis to support a strong-buy recommendation.
C. violated the Standards by failing to maintain his independence and objectivity.
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【单选】
CFA Institute members are required to do all of the following, EXCEPT:
A. disclose, in writing, all observed violations of security laws and regulations to the proper regulatory authorities.
B. inform their employer, clients, and potential clients of benefits received for recommending products or services.
C. receive permission from both their employer and outside clients to engage in investment consulting outside the firm.
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【单选】
Jim Bennett, CFA, leases office space to his best friend, Steve Waters. Bennett is an independent investment advisor specializing in high net worth clients and Waters is a licensed life insurance underwriter. In lieu of paying rent, Waters refers his insurance clients to Bennett, but only with the clients’ permission. For clients referred by Waters, Bennett:
A. must disclose the terms of the lease arrangement.
B. need not disclose the terms of the lease arrangement because Waters obtained the clients’ permission for the referral.
C. need not disclose the referral fee if Waters discloses the lease arrangement to the clients first.
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【单选】
Kevin Lowell, CFA, manages a pension plan for a national grocery retailer. All of the following are required as a part of Lowell’s fiduciary duties, EXCEPT:
A. act in a prudent and judicious manner.
B. place the client’s interest before the employer’s interest.
C. support the sponsor's management during proxy fights.
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【单选】
All of the following are violations of conduct as members and candidates in the CFA Program, EXCEPT:
A. providing confidential program information to the public.
B. disregarding the rules related to the administration of the CFA examination.
C. expressing opinions in disagreement with CFA Institute advocacy positions.