1. Knight, Inc. 资产负债表摘要 | | 债务 | $60,000,000 | | | 权益 | 140,000,000 | 资产 | $200,000,000 | 总负债及权益 | $200,000,000 |
Day, Ltd. 资产负债表摘要 | | 债务 | $120,000,000 | | | 权益 | 80,000,000 | 资产 | $200,000,000 | 总负债及权益 | $200,000,000 |
Knight, Inc. 损益表摘要 缴纳利息和税款前的盈余(EBIT) | $50,000,000 | 利息$60,000,000 × 10% | 6,000,000 | 税前盈利 | 44,000,000 | 所得税费用(税率40%) | 17,600,000 | 净收益 | $26,400,000 |
Day, Ltd. 损益表摘要 缴纳利息和税款前的盈余(EBIT) | $50,000,000 | 利息$120,000,000 × 15% | 18,000,000 | 税前盈利 | 32,000,000 | 所得税费用(税率40%) | 12,800,000 | 净收益 | $19,200,000 |
2. 权益回报率 (ROE) | 净收益 | 权益 | 权益回报率 | Knight, Inc. | $26,400,000 | $140,000,000 | 18.86% | Day, Ltd | $19,200,000 | $80,000,000 | 24.00% |
3. 以债务权益比率或债务对总资产比率作为衡量,Day的风险较高。Day需支付较高的固定利息。Knight则较能够度过经济萧条。
4. 财务困境的成本包括更高的利率; 债务或权益融资困难;不得不放弃有吸引力的方案;股票价值下降;破产;债权人加剧干扰;客户、供应商、员工的流失;或其他的成本。 |