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Answer (A) is correct . The exchange rate for the Australian dollar is higher in the forward market than the spot market; the Australian dollar is therefore trading at a forward premium. From this, it follows that the U.S. dollar is trading at a forward discount.

Answer (B) is incorrect because The U.S. dollar is trading at a forward discount with respect to the Australian dollar.
Answer (C) is incorrect because No conclusion about purchasing power changes can be drawn without information about past exchange rates.
Answer (D) is incorrect because No conclusion about purchasing power changes can be drawn without information about past exchange rates.