Choice "C" is correct. The main objective in lean manufacturing is waste reduction. Although customer requirements and demand-pull serve as the basis for the approach, quality is not the preeminent concept.
Choice "a" is incorrect. Gap analysis determines the difference between industry best practices and current company practices. It focuses on quality as it identifies areas that need improvement to meet industry best practices.
Choice "d" is incorrect. Total quality management is driven by customer satisfaction and continuous product improvement.
Choice "b" is incorrect. Absolute conformance represents perfect compliance with pre-established levels of quality.