To decompose the implementation shortfall, we calculate the following:

• Explicit costs – the commission as a percent of the paper portfolio investment is $17/$40,000 = 0.04%.
• Realized profit and loss is calculated using the execution price minus the decision price, which is usually measured as the previous day’s closing price. This is divided by the original price and weighted by proportion of the order filled. It is (700/1000) × ($40.05 - $40.04)/$40.00 = 0.02%.
• Delay costs are calculated using the difference between the closing prices on the day an order was not filled and the previous day closing price. It is weighted by the portion of the order filled. It is (700/1,000) × ($40.04 - $40.00)/$40.00 = 0.07%.
• Missed trade opportunity cost is calculated using the difference between the price at which the order is cancelled and the original price. It is weighted by the portion of the order that is not filled. It equals (300/1,000) × ($40.08 - $40.00)/$40.00 = 0.06%.

The sum of the components is the total implementation cost: 0.04% + 0.02% + 0.07% + 0.06% = 0.19%.