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Answer (A) is correct . Stock prices often move in the same direction as dividends. Moreover, companies dislike cutting dividends. They tend not to raise dividends unless anticipated future earnings will be sufficient to sustain the higher payout. Thus, some theorists have proposed the information content or signaling hypothesis. According to this view, a change in dividend policy is a signal to the market regarding management’s forecast of future earnings. Consequently, the relation of stock price changes to changes in dividends reflects not an investor preference for dividends over capital gains but rather the effect of the information conveyed.

Answer (B) is incorrect because The residual theory of dividends assumes that the firm should pay dividends only after investing in all investment opportunities having an expected return greater than the cost of capital.
Answer (C) is incorrect because An active dividend policy suggests management assumes that dividends are relevant to investors.
Answer (D) is incorrect because An active dividend policy recognizes that investors want dividends.