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Pet projects that influential managers want the company to invest in will ideally receive the same scrutiny received by other investments. Another potential concern with management’s pet projects is that overly optimistic projections will make the project appear more profitable than it really is. Note that using IRR for mutually exclusive projects will tend to steer management toward smaller, short term projects with high IRRs and may not lead management to the same decision as the more appropriate NPV method. Overhead costs are often difficult to estimate, but should be included in the cost of a capital project.