登录之后可查看解析

This answer results from multiplying the per unit cost by 30,000 units. Ending inventory was equal to the beginning inventory plus production minus units sold, which is 40,000 units.
Under absorption costing, the per unit cost of inventory includes all production costs, both fixed and variable. These costs are applied to each unit as it is produced based on the planned (or predetermined) rate, not based on the actual incurred costs. The differences between the actual incurred costs and the applied costs are variances, also called underapplied or overapplied costs. These variances are closed out at the end of the period either by debiting or crediting the whole amount to cost of goods sold, or by prorating the debits or credits among inventories and cost of goods sold. This answer results from including fixed manufacturing cost at the actual incurred cost of $715,000 divided by the 130,000 units produced, which was $5.50. Since Valyn uses a predetermined manufacturing overhead rate for applying manufacturing overhead to its product, and since over- or underapplied manufacturing overhead is closed to the cost of goods Sold account at the end of the reporting year, the cost of the units in ending inventory will be only the standard, or planned, costs. This included fixed manufacturing cost of $5.00 per unit, not $5.50 per unit.
This problem does not specify whether Valyn is using a standard cost system (in which standard, or planned, costs are used to account for production) or an actual cost system (in which actual costs are used). However, it does say that Valyn uses a predetermined manufacturing overhead rate for applying manufacturing overhead to its product. And since the actual, incurred per unit costs for direct materials, direct labor and variable manufacturing overhead are exactly the same as the planned per unit costs for those items, we do not need to know whether standard costing or actual costing is being used in order to answer this question. Under absorption costing, the per unit cost of inventory includes all production costs, both fixed and variable. The costs are expensed only when the units are sold. The differences between the actual incurred fixed overhead cost and the applied fixed overhead cost is a variance, also called under-applied or over-applied fixed manufacturing overhead. Variances can be closed out at the end of the period either by debiting or crediting the whole amount to cost of goods sold or by prorating the debits or credits among inventories and cost of goods sold. This question says that over- or under-applied manufacturing overhead is closed to cost of goods sold. Although the actual variable costs per unit are exactly the same as the planned variable costs per unit, they are not the same for the fixed manufacturing overhead. The amount applied to each unit for fixed manufacturing overhead was $5.00, so the total applied was $5 × 130,000 units produced, which was only $650,000, whereas the incurred cost was $715,000. Since Valyn closes over- or under-applied manufacturing overhead to the cost of goods sold account, the variance was a debit to cost of goods sold and did not affect the finished goods inventory balance. Therefore, the per unit cost in ending finished goods inventory for Valyn is $30. This is made up of the costs per unit for direct materials of $12, direct labor of $9, variable overhead of $4 and fixed overhead of $5. At the end of the period there were 40,000 units in ending inventory, since there were 35,000 at the start of the period and they produced 5,000 more units than were sold during the period. This gives an ending finished goods inventory of 40,000 units × $30 per unit, or $1,200,000.
This answer could result from including selling expenses as inventoriable costs and using an ending inventory of 30,000 units to calculate the value of the ending inventory. However, there is more than one way to arrive at this incorrect answer. Please see the correct answer for an explanation.