The relationship between historical returns and economic variables is not constant over time, and Canfield may not be considering information about changing economic conditions that affected real-estate returns over short periods of time. Analysts fall into the prudence trap when they become overly conservative because they are afraid of being wrong. The use of ex post (after the fact) data to interpret ex ante (before the fact) actions is risky. There may be other factors, whether correlated with inflation or independent, that caused subpar real estate returns. The recallability trap has to do with allowing dramatic events to affect forecasts. This issue is not relevant here |