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Under Rule 11 of the Rules of Procedure for Proceedings Related to Professional Conduct, the Designated Officer and Professional Conduct Program staff must maintain strict confidentiality regarding complaints, investigations, proceedings and records. Exceptions to the confidentiality policy will only be made in the following circumstances: (a) failure to disclose the findings has the potential to cause serious harm to the profession, (b) criminal activity is uncovered, (c) confidentiality is waived by the member or candidate, and (d) disclosure is required by law. However, if a public censure, timed or permanent suspension of membership and the right to use the CFA designation is imposed on a covered person, the CFA Institute may publish the covered person's name and information about the violation. This information is usually published in the CFA Magazine for violations regarding professional practice and in the Candidate Bulletin for exam-related violations