Choice "C" is correct. An Accounting Standards Update is issued only after a majority vote of the members of the FASB.
Choice "a" is incorrect. There is no necessity for the EITF to approve a discussion memorandum before it is disseminated to the public.
Choice "d" is incorrect. There is no necessity for an exposure draft to be modified per public opinion before issuing the discussion memorandum (a question can be raised here as to "what" discussion memorandum"). Exposure drafts are quite/most often modified before they are issued as FASB statements, but they do not have to be. Whether they are or are not modified is a function of whether the FASB thinks they should be modified, partly due to the public comments that have been received.
Choice "b" is incorrect. There is no way to rescind a new Accounting Standards Update, although, in reality, an ASU can be rescinded by the issuance of a new ASU on the same subject.