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高顿网校小编为各位ACCA学员整理了P1《商业风险》讲义辅导，希望大家查漏补缺，对考试有所帮助。
Chapter 1 Scope of corporate Governance
1.Definition and Concepts of corporate governance
1.1 Definition of corporate governance
<1>A set of relationships between the company’s directors, its shareholders and other stakeholders
<2>The system by which organizations are directed and controlled, in the interests of shareholders and stakeholders
1.2 Purpose of corporate governance
<1>Set best practice guidelines, provide a framework for an organization to pursue its strategy in an ethical and effective way.
<2>Operate an adequate and appropriate system of control for risk management.
<3>Attract new investment and safeguard resources owned by investors in a company.
<4>Improve corporate performance and accountability, increase shareholder’s value.
1.3 Concept of good corporate governance frameworks
<1>Fairness: balanced by taking into account all stakeholders and respecting their rights and views.
<2>Openness/transparency: voluntary disclosure (above the minimum required by law) of reliable information to stakeholders in F/S, management report and other communication media, set transparent relationship with shareholders to reduce agency cost.
<3>Independence: need for independent non-executive directors who can effective monitor the company and promote the interest of shareholder and stakeholder (free from conflicts of interest).
<4>Probity/honesty: telling the truth and not misleading.
<5>Responsibility: use a system to allow corrective action and penalizing mismanagement, accept liability in decisions making, set the company on the right path
<6>Accountability: directors should answerable for consequence of their actions, to shareholders and stakeholders
<7>Reputation: public perception or expectations. The price of publicly traded shares is often dependent on reputation and reputation is often a very valuable asset of the organization.
<8>Judgment: making decisions that enhance the prosperity of the organization.
<9>Integrity: straightforward dealing and completeness, F/S should be honest and give a true and fair view of the company.
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